Ockham’s Razor

by Brian L. Martin

 

While we must exercise caution in using worldly philosophies to interpret Scripture, the application of Ockham’s razor to the imminency passages of the New Testament is quite thought provoking. Consider just these few imminency passages, from the many dozen available:

Matt 16:27-28

For the Son of Man will come in the glory of His Father with His angels, and then He will reward each according to his works. Assuredly, I say to you, there are some standing here who shall not taste death till they see the Son of Man coming in His kingdom."

The majority of commentators are divided as to exactly what event, which occurred during the lives of some of those standing there, fulfilled this prophecy. The Transfiguration, Pentecost, the Ascension and the destruction of Jerusalem are offered as possibilities. In spite of this lack of unity, they all seem agreed on this point: it wasn’t the Second Coming of Christ, although that seems to be the obvious subject of verse 27.

Matt 24:33-35

So you also, when you see all these things, know that it is near—at the doors!  Assuredly, I say to you, this generation will by no means pass away till all these things take place.

Many devices are used to tell us why the generation to which Christ was referring was not His generation. A gap is put in the chapter, thus separating the first portion, addressed to Christ’s generation, from the last portion, which is addressed to some future generation. Or generation is defined as the Jewish race, or a group of wicked people.

1 Thess 4:15-17

For this we say to you by the word of the Lord, that we who are alive and remain until the coming of the Lord will by no means precede those who are asleep. For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of an archangel, and with the trumpet of God. And the dead in Christ will rise first. Then we who are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air. And thus we shall always be with the Lord.

A plain reading of this passage would lead one to the conclusion that Paul expected at least some of his contemporaries, and perhaps himself, to be alive at Christ’s return. Yet we are told that Paul was using an “editorial” we, which referred to the saints in general who would be alive at the Second Coming.

Rev 1:1-3

The Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave Him to show His servants—things which must shortly take place. And He sent and signified it by His angel to His servant John,  who bore witness to the word of God, and to the testimony of Jesus Christ, to all things that he saw. Blessed is he who reads and those who hear the words of this prophecy, and keep those things which are written in it; for the time is near.

Although the phrases “shortly take place” and “the time is near” would seem to be self-explanatory, commentators provide us with several reasons why we can still look for the events to be fulfilled in our day (or later). One is that “shortly” does not mean that the fulfillments are near, but will take place speedily, in a short period of time, once they commence. Another interpretation is that, while the commencement of the fulfillments (or some of the fulfillments) may take place shortly, their complete fulfillment may stretch over long periods of time. And then, of course, there is the fact that what is “near” in God’s perspective may indeed be millennia in man’s.

Returning to Ockham’s razor, we first note that each of the above passages requires a different “explanation,” and that none of the explanations fit the other passages. Redefining “generation” does suffice for Matt. 16:28; using an editorial “we” does not work for Rev. 1:1-3, and so on. And these are only four out of dozens of imminency passages. While some of those other imminency passages might fall under the explanations already given, you would find that several more  than the  four “explanations” already given are necessary to deal with all of the imminency passages. And yet, there is one explanation that fits not only these four passages, but every imminency passage in the New Testament—the Second Coming of Christ occurred during the generation of the New Testament saints.

This brings us back to Ockham’s words: the simplest or most obvious explanation of several competing ones is the one that should be preferred until it is proven wrong.

Hmmm . . . !